In one myth, Manco Cápac and his brother Pacha Kamaq were sons of the sun god Inti. There were also many myths about Manco Cápac and his coming to power. However, commoners were not allowed to speak the name of Viracocha, which is possibly an explanation for the need for three foundation legends rather than just one. In another, he was brought up from the depths of Lake Titicaca by the sun god Inti.
In one legend, he was the son of Viracocha. The legends and history surrounding him are very contradictory, especially those concerning his rule at Cuzco and his origins. Manco Cápac was the legendary founder of the Inca Dynasty in Peru and the Cusco Dynasty at Cusco. Still, to date, all that is known is based on what was recorded by priests, from the iconography on Inca pottery and architecture, and from the myths and legends that have survived among the native peoples of the Andes. There is currently a theory put forward by Gary Urton that the Quipus could have been a binary system capable of recording phonological or logographic data. This way of keeping time was deployed in order to ensure the cultural transmission of key information, in spite of regime change or social catastrophes.Īfter the Spanish conquest of Peru by Francisco Pizarro, colonial officials burned the records kept by the Inca. This was especially important for the Inca, as they relied on cyclical agricultural seasons, which were not only connected to annual cycles, but to a much wider cycle of time (every 800 years at a time). From this perspective, their stories depict the movements of constellations, planets, and planetary formations, which are all connected to their agricultural cycles. Scholarly research demonstrates that Incan belief systems were integrated with their view of the cosmos, especially in regard to the way that the Inca observed the motions of the Milky Way and the solar system as seen from Cusco, the Inca capital whose name meant the center of the earth.
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